What do debt and deficit numbers mean?

Debt is measured at a point in time; a deficit concerns a period. Neither number alone tells you whether spending was worthwhile.

Research checked 14 October 2026 · 3 min read · v3.0.0

“The deficit fell” does not necessarily mean the government borrowed fewer rupees. It can mean that a deficit is smaller relative to GDP while its rupee amount has risen. Identify the measure before deciding what the headline means.

Stock, flow and denominator

A debt stock is an amount outstanding at a specified date. A deficit concerns the gap in a specified period. Interest payments are a cost associated with obligations, not the entire outstanding debt. Mixing these measures is like comparing a balance at a date with a year’s movement without saying which is which.

Budget at a Glance defines fiscal deficit using expenditure and receipts excluding debt-capital receipts. It distinguishes this from revenue deficit, the gap between revenue expenditure and revenue receipts, and primary deficit, fiscal deficit minus interest payments. The categories answer different questions. 1

A real example of rupees rising while the ratio falls

The Union Budget table shows FY 2025–26 Revised Estimates of fiscal deficit at ₹15,58,492 crore, or 4.4% of GDP. For FY 2026–27 Budget Estimates, it shows ₹16,95,768 crore, or 4.3% of GDP. The rupee estimate rises while the reported GDP ratio falls. These are different financial years and different estimate stages, not two completed actual outcomes. 2

The table also gives a nominal GDP assumption for FY 2026–27. A ratio’s denominator can grow; the ratio cannot be interpreted by looking only at its numerator. Do not describe a nominal GDP assumption as real growth after inflation. 2

Reproduce the primary deficit

For FY 2026–27 BE, the table lists interest payments of ₹14,03,972 crore. Subtracting that from the fiscal deficit gives ₹2,91,796 crore, the listed primary deficit. This calculation removes interest for this measure; it does not make interest disappear from the government’s obligations. 2

The supplied dataset preserves reported deficit ratios and the original rupee figures. Small differences can occur when reproducing other subtotals because the source warns that published values are rounded. Do not “correct” the source figures just to force an exact sum.

What the number cannot decide for you

A deficit ratio alone does not show the quality of services, the usefulness of an investment, the reliability of revenue assumptions or who bears a spending cut. Those are separate questions. A smaller deficit achieved by postponing necessary work is different from one achieved by eliminating waste, even when a headline number looks similar.

Hypothetical example: two governments report the same annual deficit. One uses resources for a functioning water network; another pays for assets that are never used. The deficit is relevant to financing, but outcome evidence is needed to distinguish the programmes.

Ask what is included, which level of government is covered, what risks sit outside the quoted number and whether actual results later matched the estimate. Do not add Union and state debt figures indiscriminately if that would count the same intergovernmental obligation twice.

A good summary names the stock or flow, the date or year, and the denominator. “Debt is bad” and “deficits do not matter” are both substitutes for that work.

Source-linked data

Union Budget 2026–27: receipts, expenditure and deficits

Official statistics — dated observations, not a live feed.

Main-table amounts and published deficit-to-GDP ratios, with accounting stages preserved. Reference period: FY 2024–25 actual; FY 2025–26 BE/RE; FY 2026–27 BE

This is a historical budget-document snapshot, not actual FY 2026–27 spending and not combined Union/state finances.
Subtotal and component rows overlap; never sum all rows.
Published rounding creates small differences, including a two-crore residual when reconstructing FY 2024–25 fiscal deficit from several rounded rows. Original totals are retained.
Borrowings and other liabilities includes cash-balance drawdown. The rupee-source infographic includes states’ tax share and has a different presentation from net-Centre receipts.
FY 2025–26 RE net tax receipts includes the source footnote’s prior-year adjustment of ₹9,084 crore.
The budget assumes nominal GDP ₹393,00,393 crore for FY 2026–27, versus ₹357,13,886 crore in the FY 2025–26 advance estimate. Its 10% comparison is nominal, not real growth.

Main budget table: rupees in crore (72 rows)

Main budget table: rupees in crore
indicator id	indicator	financial year	accounting stage	value	unit	geography	price basis	note	Source and dates
revenue_receipts	Revenue receipts	2024-25	actual	3036619	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_receipts	Revenue receipts	2025-26	budget_estimate	3420409	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_receipts	Revenue receipts	2025-26	revised_estimate	3342323	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_receipts	Revenue receipts	2026-27	budget_estimate	3533150	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
tax_net_centre	Tax revenue, net to Centre	2024-25	actual	2500039	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
tax_net_centre	Tax revenue, net to Centre	2025-26	budget_estimate	2837409	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
tax_net_centre	Tax revenue, net to Centre	2025-26	revised_estimate	2674661	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
tax_net_centre	Tax revenue, net to Centre	2026-27	budget_estimate	2866922	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
non_tax_revenue	Non-tax revenue	2024-25	actual	536580	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
non_tax_revenue	Non-tax revenue	2025-26	budget_estimate	583000	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
non_tax_revenue	Non-tax revenue	2025-26	revised_estimate	667662	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
non_tax_revenue	Non-tax revenue	2026-27	budget_estimate	666228	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_receipts	Capital receipts	2024-25	actual	1616249	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_receipts	Capital receipts	2025-26	budget_estimate	1644936	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_receipts	Capital receipts	2025-26	revised_estimate	1622519	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_receipts	Capital receipts	2026-27	budget_estimate	1814165	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
recovery_loans	Recovery of loans	2024-25	actual	24617	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
recovery_loans	Recovery of loans	2025-26	budget_estimate	29000	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
recovery_loans	Recovery of loans	2025-26	revised_estimate	30190	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
recovery_loans	Recovery of loans	2026-27	budget_estimate	38397	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
other_receipts	Other receipts	2024-25	actual	17202	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
other_receipts	Other receipts	2025-26	budget_estimate	47000	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
other_receipts	Other receipts	2025-26	revised_estimate	33837	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
other_receipts	Other receipts	2026-27	budget_estimate	80000	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
borrowing_other_liabilities	Borrowings and other liabilities	2024-25	actual	1574431	INR_crore	Union government	nominal	Includes cash-balance drawdown; not solely fresh market borrowing.	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
borrowing_other_liabilities	Borrowings and other liabilities	2025-26	budget_estimate	1568936	INR_crore	Union government	nominal	Includes cash-balance drawdown; not solely fresh market borrowing.	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
borrowing_other_liabilities	Borrowings and other liabilities	2025-26	revised_estimate	1558492	INR_crore	Union government	nominal	Includes cash-balance drawdown; not solely fresh market borrowing.	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
borrowing_other_liabilities	Borrowings and other liabilities	2026-27	budget_estimate	1695768	INR_crore	Union government	nominal	Includes cash-balance drawdown; not solely fresh market borrowing.	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_receipts	Total receipts	2024-25	actual	4652867	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_receipts	Total receipts	2025-26	budget_estimate	5065345	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_receipts	Total receipts	2025-26	revised_estimate	4964842	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_receipts	Total receipts	2026-27	budget_estimate	5347315	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_expenditure	Total expenditure	2024-25	actual	4652867	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_expenditure	Total expenditure	2025-26	budget_estimate	5065345	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_expenditure	Total expenditure	2025-26	revised_estimate	4964842	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
total_expenditure	Total expenditure	2026-27	budget_estimate	5347315	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_expenditure	Expenditure on revenue account	2024-25	actual	3600914	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_expenditure	Expenditure on revenue account	2025-26	budget_estimate	3944255	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_expenditure	Expenditure on revenue account	2025-26	revised_estimate	3869087	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_expenditure	Expenditure on revenue account	2026-27	budget_estimate	4125494	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
interest_payments	Interest payments	2024-25	actual	1115575	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
interest_payments	Interest payments	2025-26	budget_estimate	1276338	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
interest_payments	Interest payments	2025-26	revised_estimate	1274338	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
interest_payments	Interest payments	2026-27	budget_estimate	1403972	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
grants_capital_assets	Grants for creation of capital assets	2024-25	actual	272656	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
grants_capital_assets	Grants for creation of capital assets	2025-26	budget_estimate	427192	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
grants_capital_assets	Grants for creation of capital assets	2025-26	revised_estimate	308151	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
grants_capital_assets	Grants for creation of capital assets	2026-27	budget_estimate	492702	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_expenditure	Expenditure on capital account	2024-25	actual	1051953	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_expenditure	Expenditure on capital account	2025-26	budget_estimate	1121090	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_expenditure	Expenditure on capital account	2025-26	revised_estimate	1095755	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
capital_expenditure	Expenditure on capital account	2026-27	budget_estimate	1221821	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_capital_expenditure	Effective capital expenditure	2024-25	actual	1324609	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_capital_expenditure	Effective capital expenditure	2025-26	budget_estimate	1548282	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_capital_expenditure	Effective capital expenditure	2025-26	revised_estimate	1403906	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_capital_expenditure	Effective capital expenditure	2026-27	budget_estimate	1714523	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_deficit	Revenue deficit	2024-25	actual	564296	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_deficit	Revenue deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	523846	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_deficit	Revenue deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	526764	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_deficit	Revenue deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	592344	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	Effective revenue deficit	2024-25	actual	291640	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	Effective revenue deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	96654	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	Effective revenue deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	218613	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	Effective revenue deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	99642	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	Fiscal deficit	2024-25	actual	1574431	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	Fiscal deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	1568936	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	Fiscal deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	1558492	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	Fiscal deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	1695768	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	Primary deficit	2024-25	actual	458856	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	Primary deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	292598	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	Primary deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	284154	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	Primary deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	291796	INR_crore	Union government	nominal		Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14

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Published deficit ratios (16 rows)

Published deficit ratios
indicator id	financial year	accounting stage	value	unit	geography	denominator	Source and dates
revenue_deficit	2024-25	actual	1.7	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	1.5	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	1.5	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
revenue_deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	1.5	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	2024-25	actual	0.9	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	0.3	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	0.6	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
effective_revenue_deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	0.3	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	2024-25	actual	4.8	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	4.4	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	4.4	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
fiscal_deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	4.3	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	2024-25	actual	1.4	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	2025-26	budget_estimate	0.8	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	2025-26	revised_estimate	0.8	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14
primary_deficit	2026-27	budget_estimate	0.7	percent_of_GDP	Union government	GDP used in this budget document	Source details Original source Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes Published: Not supplied Checked: 2026-10-14

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Data sources and scope (3)

Budget at a Glance 2026–27
Ministry of Finance · Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes
Published: Not supplied
Reference period: FY 2024–25 actuals; FY 2025–26 BE and RE; FY 2026–27 BE
Source checked: 2026-10-14
Five-page PDF inspected. Main table on PDF page 3 was visually checked against parsed values.
Union figures, not consolidated Union/state/local finances. Estimates are not actual expenditure. Published crore values can produce small arithmetic differences because of rounding; no source total is silently adjusted.
Budget at a Glance 2026–27
Ministry of Finance · PDF pages 1–2: receipts/expenditure and fiscal, revenue and primary deficit definitions
Published: Not supplied
Reference period: FY 2024–25 actuals; FY 2025–26 BE and RE; FY 2026–27 BE
Source checked: 2026-10-14
Five-page PDF inspected. Main table on PDF page 3 was visually checked against parsed values.
Union figures, not consolidated Union/state/local finances. Estimates are not actual expenditure. Published crore values can produce small arithmetic differences because of rounding; no source total is silently adjusted.
Budget at a Glance 2026–27
Ministry of Finance · PDF page 4: Rupee Comes From infographic, whose presentation includes states’ tax share
Published: Not supplied
Reference period: FY 2024–25 actuals; FY 2025–26 BE and RE; FY 2026–27 BE
Source checked: 2026-10-14
Five-page PDF inspected. Main table on PDF page 3 was visually checked against parsed values.
Union figures, not consolidated Union/state/local finances. Estimates are not actual expenditure. Published crore values can produce small arithmetic differences because of rounding; no source total is silently adjusted.

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Budget at a Glance 2026–27
Ministry of Finance · PDF pages 1–2: receipts/expenditure and fiscal, revenue and primary deficit definitions
Edition: Union Budget 2026–27
Reference period: FY 2024–25 actuals; FY 2025–26 BE and RE; FY 2026–27 BE
Limits: Union figures, not consolidated Union/state/local finances. Estimates are not actual expenditure. Published crore values can produce small arithmetic differences because of rounding; no source total is silently adjusted.
Source checked 14 October 2026.
Budget at a Glance 2026–27
Ministry of Finance · Printed page 1 / PDF page 3: complete main table and GDP/adjustment notes
Edition: Union Budget 2026–27
Reference period: FY 2024–25 actuals; FY 2025–26 BE and RE; FY 2026–27 BE
Limits: Union figures, not consolidated Union/state/local finances. Estimates are not actual expenditure. Published crore values can produce small arithmetic differences because of rounding; no source total is silently adjusted.
Source checked 14 October 2026.

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Article version 3.0.0. Research checked 14 October 2026.
Assistant source checks; not independently human-reviewed. How we know · Corrections.